Heating oven



May 4 1925.

D. F. DOMIZI HEATING OVEN Filed Deo. 7, 1922 |\Lg` I: I

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DAVID F. DOMIZI, OF CLEVELAND, OHO;`

HEA'rrNG ovEN.

Application led December 7, 1922. Serial No. 605,536.

'To all whom t may conem: f

Be it-known that "I, DAVID F. Donuzr, a citizen of the United States, residlng at Cleveland in the county of Cuyahoga and State of hio, have invented a. certain new and useful Improvement in Heating Ovens, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. v

This invention relates to heatlng ovens, the particular installation shown h ereln being designed for use in connect-lon with japanning apparatus, It will be readily understood, however, that the principles of the invention are applicable to the heat treatment of materials generally, the modifications in structure and `temperature conditions necessary for` fthe various heat treating processes being obvious to those skilled in the-art.

Anobject ofthe invention 1s'to provide an oven ofthe typein which articlesare continuously conveyed therethrough in which there is a mimmum waste of heat due to the passage of the articles to and from the oven and in which the handling of the articles outside the oven is. facilitated.

A further object is to` provide eiicient means for heating the various compartments of the oven so as to provide gradual heating ofthe articles entering the oven and gradual coolin of articles leaving theoven.

A further' o ject isto provide economical and ellicient means for maintaining different temperatnres inl the various compartmentsof the oven.

A further object is to provide automatic means responsive to the heat within the oven for regulating thev temperature of the oven.

A further object. is to provide an installation in which a minimum amountof floor space is occupied and in which'bit is possible to load and'y unload articles from the oven conveyor upon dilerent `f loors of the building. l

Otherobjects will be apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings. Y

TheJ following description and accompanying drawings set forth in detail certain means embodying my invention, the disclosed means, however, constituting but one' of the. various mechanical forms in which the principles ofthe invention may be employed. l A, Reference should be had to the accom anyj ing drawings in which Fig. 1 is a'lcngltudinal vertical section through the oven and Fig. 2 is a vertical .transverse section through the oven. i

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

the oven is a rectangular box-like structure having a horizontal bottom wall 1, vertical side walls 2 and, front and rear and end walls 4t and 5 and a horizontal top wall 6,

each of the walls being preferably formed of or covered with heat insulating material. Vithin the oven adjacent the rear wall 5 is a vertical transverse partition 7 also preferably formed of orcovered with heat insulatmg material and extending from the bottom of the Aoven toa short distance below thetop thereof. A horizontal partition 8 extends from the top of the vertical partition 7 to adjacent the front wall 4 of the furnace. The partition 8 is narrower than the ovenA and the side edges thereof are spaced from the side walls 2 .and 3 of the oven forming passages 9 at the edges of the 'partition 8, permitting/ free flow of gases from' the compartment beneath the partition 8 to theA upper compartmentv of the oven.`

`The endl of the partition 8 adjacent the front Wall/1 of the oven terminates short of the front' wall to provide a conveyor passage 10 to the uppermost compartment. An intermediate horizontal partition 11 below the partition 8 extends from the front Wall'4-rearwardly to adjacent the vertical partition 7l and hasvspaces 12 between its opposite side edges andlthe sidewalls 2 and 3 of the oven similar to the side openings 9 'along the edges of the partition 8.A The lintermediate partition v11 terminatesshort ofthe front oven wall 4 andthe vertical partition 7 at the rear end of the furnace to 'provide an lopening 13 'at the front end -thereof and an opening 14 at the rearv for front end of the furnace and rearwardly to adjacent the vertical partition 7 at the rear -end of the furnace. Between the inclined .wall 18 and the bottomwall 1 of the furnace is formed an expansion chamber 19 from which heated air is supplied to the interior of the oven. The lower compartment the side Walls 2 and 3 of the oven, and

to the side edges of the intermediate partition 11. The lower compartment 15 is thus enclosed at its sides, bottom and rear end in a sheet metal casing, the walls of which are spaced from-the side walls of the oven, the inclined wall 18 and the rear wall 7, forming end and side passages 22, 23, and 24 alongside the vsides and ends of the lower compartment and opening into the bottom of the intermediate compartment 16. The two upper compartments are thus heated by means of hot air currents, while the lower compartment is heated by radiation through the sheet metal walls. The heat insulating wall 18 prevents excessive heating of the sheet metal bottom plate 18a of the lower compartment. It is preferable, however, to supply somewheat to the space between the wall 18 and the plate 18a. For this purpose small passages 25 open into the space between the wall 1'8 and plate 18a to permit some heated air to pass from the expansion chamber 19 to the space beneath the plate 18".

A' -suitable oil burning or gas furnace 26 is mountedwithin the expansion chamber 19. The outer end of the furnace 26 extends through the yside wall of the oven and has an air inlet and burner receiving opening 27 in which is located a suitablejet burner 28. The furnace 26 has outlets 29 adjacent its bottom and communicating with the. expansion chamber 19 through which the heated'gases pass from the furnace into the expansion chamber. An additional air inlet opening 30 controlledby a valve 31 may be provided in the bottom 1 to admit additional air to the expansion chamber 19.

In the top wall of the oven are spaced ventila'ting fiues 32 andv 33 provided With manually adjustable butterfly valves 34 and 35 which can be set at the desired angle to regulate the escapeof gases from the top of the oven. At, the center of the top wall 6 is the mainl outlet flue 36 which. is controlled by a valve 37. The outlet valvev 37 is preferably controlled automatically to vary the opening proportionately/to the heat of the oven. The 'thermal controlling means for the valve 37 consists of a long metallicexpansion rod 38 attached at its lower end to a iixed support ony a sidewall of the oven and at its upper end t0 a lever 39 pivoted.

proximately 500.

intermediate its ends to a bracket 40 secured to the top wall 6 and engaging at its inner end Vwith a second lever 41 which in turn is pivoted intermediate its ends to a bracket 42 attached to thetop wall 6 and at its inner end engages the stem 43 of the valve 37. Y

striction of the outlet passage through the flue 36 to impede the outflow of heated gases and cause an increase in the temperature.

1When the oven is used for japanning operations, the furnace 26 will be heated to approximately 1800", maintaining a temperature in the expansion chamber 19 of'a The heated gases W1ll pass upwardly from the expansion chamber 19 along the side walls of the furnace into the intermediate and upper compartments 16 and 17. Since there is a yfree passage along the side walls to the upper compartment 17 the upper compartment will be heated to a higher temperature than the intermediate compartment 16, the upper conl-` partment having an laverage temperature 100 around 450 and the intermediate'compartment having a temperature around 300. The-lower compartment 15 will be at astill lower temperature since it is heated by radiation only and its temperature will also be lower toward the front end of the oven through which the conveyor enters due to the entry of air through the conveyor entrance opening. The temperature of the central portion of the lower compartment, however, will be around 250. In heat treating operations such as in japanning a certain amount of heavy gaseous products vare formed. These heavy gaseous products naturally settle to the bottom of the oven and would pass out through the conveyor entrance opening unless special means were provided for conducting these gases away. In the present invention these heavier gases can pass freely from the -upper compartments into the lower compartments through the openings 13 and 14 in the partition 11 adjacent the opposite ends thereof. Toremove these heavy gases from /the oven a light suction fan 44 communicates throughthe lfrontwall 4 of the` oven lwith the interior of the lower compartment 15 and disharges the gases through a suitable conuit.

The bottom wall L of theoven is pref-v llO Aeiably located at' some distance above lthe first oor 45 of a building to vprovide a space for Workmen beneath the oven'and ex.-

tends upwardlythrough one or more of thel upper floors of the'building, the second ioor 46 of the building being located soinel what above the bottom of the oven. An endless conveyor 47 provided with spaced hangers 48 is employed to carry the larticles through the oven, the oven being provided with an entrance opening 49 at the bottom of the front wall 4 and at the front end of the lower compartment and an exit opening 50 being provided irl-the lower portion of the rear wall 5. The endless conveyor 47 has a lower run wlich extends beneath Y the oven adjacent thebottom wall 1 land is guided adjacent the entrance opening over guide sprockets 51 and- 52 located adjacent the top and bottom respectively of the entrance opening '49.. The conveyor. passes rearwardly through the lower compartment 15 around a guide .sprocket 53 inthe con.

veyor opening 13, then into the intermediate compartment 16 and, over a uide sprocket 54 adjacent the top thereof, then ^:forwardly` through the compartment 16 around a guide sprocket 55 inthe conveyor openin ment, t ence upwardly over a guide sprocket 56 adjacent the top wall 6 of the oven, rearwardly through the top compartment 17 over a guide sprocket 57 at the` rear endl thereof and downwardly through a vertical passage 58 between the vertical partition 7 and rear wall 5 of the oven to ad- .jacent the top of the exit opening 50 where it passes over guide sprockets 59 and 60 on the inner and outer sides of the rear wall 5. After emerging from the oven the conveyor passes upwardly around the sprocket 60 and rearwardly over a guide sprocket 61 to a guide sprocket 62 in horizontal alignmentv with the guide sprocket 61 over the guide sprocket 62 and around a sprocket 63 beneath the sprocket 62 forwardly over a I 'sprocket 64 in horizontal alignment with the sprocket 63. The sprockets 63 and 64 are located above the second iioor` 46 of the building and provide a horizontal run' above the floor 46 where articles may be loaded upon the ,conveyorr The conveyor passesv downwardly from the sprocket 64 and around a drive sprocket V65 which is driven by a suitable motor 6 6 and is in horizontal alignment with the .guide sprocket 51 at the bottom of the entrance opening 49. vThe lower runl of the conveyor is Adirectly beneath the oven and extends from the rear to the front' thereof and is at a suicient height from the vfloor 45 for convenient loading of the conveyor from the oor 45 adjacent the rearend of the horizontal run. Adjacent the rear end of the oven and beneath the lower run ot the conveyor are two elevating dip- 10 leading to the upper compart-v .ping tanks 67 and 68 which are alternately elevated to submerge the articles carried by the .conveyor in the coating liquid contained in the tanks. Between the dipping tanks and the entrance opening 49 the lower run of the conveyor has a comparatively long space in which the coating liquid may drip `from the articles so that when the articles enter the oven the greater artof the excess liquid will have dripped o however, lany excess liquid on the articles may drip upon the inclined bottom plate 18 of the lower compartment 15 which is at suiicient inclination to' permit j the liquid to drain freely from the oven.

I do not confine myself to the particular heating means herein disclosed for as far as certain features of-my invention are concerned, other suitable means for supplying the heat may be employed.

Having described my invention,`I claim 1. In an apparatus of the character described, -an oven l having a' plurality of superposed compartments, an `endless conveyor for conveying articles through the oven, and supports for said conveyor b ywhich the latter is caused to travel baci and forth through the compartments of the oven, said conveyor leading into the lowermost compartment at one end of the 'oven' and out from the lower portionl of the oven at its opposite end'.

end through the opening therein linto thev ,lowermost compartment', -forward and back throughthe compartment successively from the bottom to the top, through the end passageway' atthe opposite, end of the oven andout through the exit opening vin the loven at the lower endvof said passageway.

3. In an' apparatus of the character dean apparatus of the character'dea scribed. an oven having a plurality yof the' other communicating scribed, the combination with an oven having a plurality of superposed'horizontally disposed compartments, and a vertical passa'geway at one end of Ithe .oven leading downwardly from the uppermost coinpartnient, said4 oven having yconveyor entrance and exit openings in the lower portions 'tliereofat its opposite ends, one of said open-- ingscomniunicating with the loweimost of said compartments andthe other of s aid 'openings communicating with said vertical passageway. of an endless conveyor having one runrpthereof guided through the openings in the oven' Wall, the successive com said oven extending up through one or more' partments and end passageway, the other run of said conveyor extending from one end of said oven to the other outside said oven.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, `an oven having its bottom supported above one Hoor of a building to provide a working space beneath said oven,

upper floors of the building, and said oven having a plurality of superposed substantially horizontal compartments therein and conveyor entrance and exit openings at opposite ends thereof adjacent its bottom, and an endless conveyor having a run thereof supported for movement through the en'- trance opening at one end of the oven back out throug the exit opening at the opposite vend of th oven, said conveyor having -a return runr beneath the oven and above said first floor of the building.

5. In an apparatus of the character described an oven having its bottom supported above one floor of a building to provide a working space beneath said oven, said oven and 4forth/lhrough said compartments and extending .upth'rough one or more upper floors* of thev building and having superposed substantially horizontal compartments therein, and an endless conveyor having a run thereof supported for movement into the lowermost compartment at one end of theoven, back and forth throughlsaid compartments from the bottom to the top of the oven and out through an exit opening in the lower portion of the oven at the end opposite the entrance opening said conveyor having a portion outside the exit opening above the upper floor of the buildingto permit unloading on said 'upper floor when desired and a return run extending beneathsaid oven and above said first Hoor whereby articles can bev transferred from said floor beneath said conveyor to said conveyor.

6 In an apparatus ofthe character described, an oven having a plurality of superposed substantially horizontal conveyor compartments and Conveyor entrance.

I the lower portion of an upper compartment,

and means for conducting gaseous products from said oven.4

7,' In an apparatus of the character deguided for movement through the entrance opening back and forth from end to end in said compartments and out the exit opening. the .upper compartment communicating with the'lower compartment at the end adjacent the entrance opening for the passage of heavier gaseous productstherefrom into the lower compartment and means adjacent the exit opening Y -for withdrawing the heavier gaseous products from 7the oven.

8.4 In an apparatus of the` character described, an oven having a plurality of superposed compartments, means for conveying materiall back and forth through said compartments from the bottom to the top thereof, means for heating one of the lower compartments by radiation @through the walls thereof, and means 'for heating an upper compartment by introducing heated gases thereinto. l

9. In an apparatus of the character described, an oven having superposedy horizontally extending compartments, means for conveying articles into and out of the oven and through said compartments successively, the' upper compartment being in communication with said lower compartment at both ends to permit free passage of heavier gaseous products to said lower compartment, and means for withdrawing said -heavier gaseous products from said lowermost compartment. l

l0. In an apparatus of the character described, an oven having superposed horizontally extending compartments, means for conveying articles into and out of said oven and back and forth through said .compartments successively, an expansion chamber beneath the lower of said compartments. means for maintaining a supply. of heated gas in said chamber, -a heat insulatingv wall between said expansion chamber. and the compartment above the same, vsheetlmetal walls spaced from the walls of the `oven at the sides of said lower compartment, the spaces between the oven walls and sheet metal walls opening into said expansion chamber and into the compartment-above said lower compartment.

' 11. In an apparatusV of the character described, an oven having superposed compartmentsseparated by horizontali'partitions, the

`edges of said partitions being spaced from the side walls of said oven,-the lowermost compartment having side walls spaced from the side walls of the oven and aheat insulating bottom wall, an expansion chamber beneath the lowermost compartment coinmunicating with the spaces between the side walls of said compartment and the `oven walls and means for maintaining a supply of heated air in said chamber, said heated air passing freely from said chamber through the spaces at the sides of said lowermost compartment into said uppefr compartments.

12.`Inan apparatus of the character described,'an oven having superposed vcompartments separated by horizontal partitions and a conveyor entrance opening in `its wallat one end of the lowermost compartment, suc-` A and from said chamber to the space between the top wall of 4the chamber and the bottom plate of said lowermost compartment.

. 13: In anfapparatus ofthecharacter described, an oven having superposed compartments, said oven having an opening 1n its wall at vone end of the lowermost'co'mpart- .ment and a vertical passageway-leading from the uppermost of said compartments downwardly to an exit opening in the lower portion of the oven at theend opposite said entrance opening, said passageway being separated from the' ends of Said compartments by a heat insulating wall, means for conveying articles through ,saidl entrance opening back and forth through said compartments from'the bottom to thetop and out said exit .opening-and means for heatving said compartments and maintaining progressively higher' temperatures 1n successlve compartments from the bottom to the top of the oven.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, an oven having superposedcompartments, saidoven having an opening in its Wall at one end'of the lowermost compartment and a heat insulating partition adjacent the end of the 4oven opposite the enpartment to adjacent the bottomof the oven and forming a passageway from the uppermost compartment toan exit opening in the lower portion of the oven, said lowermost Atrance extending from 'the uppermost comcompartment being enclosed in a sheet metal casing having its bottom and side walls spaced'fro'm the bottom and side wallsof the oven and an end wall spaced from said partition', ar chamber for heated vair beneath being in open ,communication with the spaces atthe sides andj end of said lowersaid lowermost compartment, saidQchamber most chamber and through said spaces with the upper compartments, and means. for conveying articles intosaid oven back and f orth through thecompartments from the bottom to the top, through the passageway and exit opening. i

l5. In avd'evic'e ofthe character described, 4 an oven having superposed horizontally disposed compartments, and conveyor entrance and exit openings 'in the lower portion th'ereof, and endless conveyorhaving a portion guided throufrh said entrance and exit openings and bac `and 'forth through said com.y

partmentloading and unloading platforms at different levels outside saidI furnace, said conveyor having portions extendingalong said platforms.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aiix m si ature.

y 4gn DAVID 1j, DoMIZl. 

